Chemistry (Atoms, Elements, and Compounds)
Grade 9 (Applied) Overall Expectations:
1 – Assess social, environmental, and economic impacts of the use of common elements and compounds, with reference to their physical and chemical properties.
- Assess the usefulness of and/or the hazards associated with common elements or compounds in terms of their physical and chemical properties [AI, C].
- 7 Types of Plastic Wreaking Havoc on Our Health (Ecowatch)
- The Properties of Diamonds (HowStuffWorks)
- Diamond Facts (Natural Resources Canada)
- Diamonds (Science Views)
- DDT Fact Sheet (Government of Canada)
- DDT A Brief History and Status (Environmental Protection Agency)
- Organic Peroxides Hazards (Government of Canada)
- Is Lightening Your Hair with Hydrogen Peroxide Damaging? (Healthline)
- Assess social, environmental, and economic impacts of the use of common elements or compounds [AI, C].
- The Environmental Impacts of Road Salt (Water Keeper)
- Mercury in Ontario (Government of Ontario)
- Children of the Poisoned River (Globe and Mail)
- Mercury Poisoning in Grassy Narrows First Nation (Pulitzer)
- Pesticides (David Suzuki Foundation)
- Pesticide Safety (Government of Canada)
- Canola, chemicals and bees: Why Canadian farmers are fighting a proposed pesticide ban (CBC)
- Diamond Mines in Canada (Geology.com)
- Considering the Costs of Canada’s Diamonds (Canadian Geographic)
- Environmental Impact (The Greener Diamond)
2 – Investigate, through inquiry, the physical and chemical properties of common elements and compounds.
- Use appropriate terminology related to atoms, elements, and compounds, including, but not limited to: boiling point, mixtures, particle theory, pure substances, and viscosity [C].
- McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Chemistry (ebook – WPL database)
- Chemistry Demystified (ebook – WPL database)
- A-Z Chemistry Dictionary (Thought Co.)
- Ninth Grade Chemistry Questions (Help Teaching)
- Conduct an inquiry to identify the physical and chemical properties of common elements and compounds (e.g., magnesium sulfate, water, carbon, copper II) [PR].
- Step-by-Step Science Experiments in Chemistry (ebook – Hoopla)
- Physical and Chemical Properties (Elemental Matter)
- Science Experiment Ideas: Epsom Salts (Sciencing)
- Properties of Magnesium Chloride (Sciencing)
- Wonderful Water (Science World)
- Carbon (LennTech)
- Lab Activity: Getting to Know CO2 (Earth System Research Laboratories)
- 10 Cool Chemistry Experiments (Thought Co.)
- Plan and conduct an inquiry into the properties of common substances found in the laboratory or used in everyday life (e.g., starch, table salt, wax, toothpaste), and distinguish the substances by their physical and chemical properties (e.g., physical properties: hardness, conductivity, colour, melting point, solubility, density; chemical properties: combustibility, reaction with water) [IP, PR, AI].
- What is a Chemical Property? (Thought Co.)
- Differences Between Physical and Chemical Properties (Thought Co.)
- Physical Properties Chemical Properties and Changes (PBWorks)
- Reactivity (Thought Co.)
- Combustion (Thought Co.)
- Chemical Property Examples (Thought Co.)
- Conduct appropriate chemical tests to identify some common gases (e.g., oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide) on the basis of their chemical properties, and record their observations [PR, C].
- Testing for Gases (BBC Bitesize)
- Tests for Gases (Chemstuff)
- Gas Tests (YouTube)
- Construct molecular models to represent simple molecules (e.g., O2, CO2, H2O, NH3, CH4) [PR].
- Atomic and Molecular Structure (ebook – Hoopla)
- Virtual Molecular Model Kit (Chemagic)
- Representing Structures of Organic Molecules (Khan Academy)
3 – Demonstrate an understanding of the properties of common elements and compounds, and of the organization of elements in the periodic table.
- Explain how different atomic models evolved as a result of experimental evidence (e.g., how the Thomson model of the atom changed as a result of the Rutherford gold-foil experiment).
- Atom and Atomic Theory (Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia)
- Thomson’s Model of an Atom (Toppr)
- Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment (Khan Academy)
- A Brief History of Atomic Theory (Thought Co.)
- The History of Atomic Chemistry (Khan Academy)
- How to Draw a Lewis Structure (Thought Co.)
- Nuclear Notation (CK-12)
- Describe the characteristics of neutrons, protons, and electrons, including charge, location, and relative mass.
- Neutron (Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia)
- Proton (Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia)
- Electron (Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia)
- Atomic and Molecular Structure (ebook – Hoopla)
- Structure of the Atom (BBC Bitesize)
- Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons (BBC Bitesize)
- Neutron (Chem4Kids)
- Electrons (Chem4Kids)
- What is a Proton? (Science Notes)
- Distinguish between elements and compounds.
- Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures (Purdue)
- Atoms, Elements, and Compounds (BBC Bitesize)
- Difference Between a Coefficient and Subscript (Sciencing)
- Types of Chemical Bonds (YouTube)
- Describe the characteristic physical and chemical properties of common elements and compounds (e.g., aluminum, copper, sodium carbonate, water, etc.).
- Periodic Table (LennTech)
- Explore Chemistry (PubChem)
- Definition of Ionic Compounds (Chemicool)
- What is a Covalent Compound? (Thought Co.)
- Modelling Compounds with Molecules (YouTube)
- Describe patterns in the arrangements of electrons in the first 20 elements of the periodic table, using the Bohr‑Rutherford model.
- Periodic Table (LennTech)
- Explore Chemistry (PubChem)
- Bohr-Rutherford Diagrams and the Periodic Table (eLearning Ontario)
- How to Do Bohr Diagrams (Sciencing)
- Definition of Reactivity (Chemicool)
- The Periodic Table Song (YouTube)
- Explain the relationship between the atomic structure of an element and the position of that element in the periodic table.
- Periodic Table (LennTech)
- The Periodic Table (LibreTexts)
- Periodic Table and Electron Configuration (Lumen Learning)
- Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table (BBC Bitesize)
- Compare and contrast the physical properties of elements within a group (e.g., alkali metals) and between groups (e.g., the carbon group and noble gases) in the periodic table.
- Periodic Table of Elements Groups (Thought Co.)
- The Different Between an Element Group and Period (Thought Co.)
- Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids of the Periodic Table (Thought Co.)
- Identify and use the symbols for common elements (e.g., C, Cl, S, N) and the formulae for common compounds (e.g., H2O, CO2, NaCl, O2).
- Chemical Elements Listed by Symbol (LennTech)
- How to Write a Chemical Compound Formula (Sciencing)
- Explore Chemistry (PubChem)